### Lesson Plan: Prevocational Studies - Primary 5
**Topic: Damages Caused by Pests + Sewing Processes**
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#### **Objective**
1. **Understanding Pests and Their Effects:**
- Identify common pests that affect plants, animals, and human environments.
- Understand the damages caused by these pests in various settings.
2. **Sewing Techniques:**
- Learn basic sewing processes including threading a needle, simple stitches, and sewing on a button.
- Apply these techniques in a practical task.
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#### **Materials Needed**
**For Pests Section:**
- Pictures or examples of common pests (e.g., insects, rodents)
- Chart paper and markers
- Informational pamphlets or handouts about pest prevention and control
**For Sewing Section:**
- Needles and thread
- Fabric scraps
- Buttons
- Simple sewing kits
- Printed step-by-step guides for basic sewing techniques
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#### **Lesson Activities**
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**Introduction (10 Minutes)**
- Greet the students and introduce the topics for the lesson.
- Ask students if they have seen any pests in their homes or gardens and discuss briefly.
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**Section 1: Damages Caused by Pests (25 Minutes)**
1. **Discussion and Identification:**
- Show pictures of common pests such as aphids, caterpillars, mites, rats, and cockroaches.
- Discuss where they are commonly found and how they can affect plants, stored food, and living conditions.
2. **Group Activity:**
- Split the class into small groups and give each group a chart paper and markers.
- Have each group list down the types of damages caused by pests in plants, animals, and homes.
- Each group will present their findings to the class.
3. **Prevention Tips:**
- Talk about simple measures to control and prevent infestations (e.g., timely cleaning, using natural pesticides, proper storage of food).
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**Section 2: Sewing Processes (25 Minutes)**
1. **Introduction to Sewing Tools:**
- Show and explain the basic tools required for sewing: needles, thread, fabric, buttons.
- Demonstrate how to thread a needle.
2. **Hands-on Practice:**
- Teach students how to tie a knot at the end of thread.
- Introduce basic stitches (running stitch, backstitch, overcast stitch).
- Give each student a piece of fabric and allow them to practice these stitches.
3. **Sewing a Button:**
- Demonstrate the steps for sewing on a button.
- Guide students as they try to sew a button onto their fabric scraps.
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**Activity: Integration of Learning (15 Minutes)**
- **Craft Project:**
- Have students create a small fabric patch with some simple stitching and a button.
- Use this opportunity to review both the damages caused by pests and proper sewing techniques.
- For example, discuss how farmers can repair cloth fences damaged by pests using their new sewing skills.
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**Conclusion (5 Minutes)**
- Recap key points about the types of pests and the damages they cause.
- Summarize the sewing processes learned and how they can be useful.
- Ask students for any questions or thoughts about today's lesson.
- Assign a small homework task: Observe any pest activity at home and write a short paragraph about it, or practice a simple sewing task at home and bring it to the next class.
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**Assessment:**
- Observe student participation during group discussions and activities.
- Review the fabric patches created by students to assess their grasp of sewing techniques.
- Evaluate the homework assignment for understanding of pests and practical application of sewing skills.
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**Extension Activities:**
- Plan a garden project where students plant and monitor any pest activity, reporting weekly.
- Organize a sewing project where students make simple items like bookmarks or small bags.
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By the end of the lesson, students will have a basic understanding of common pests and their impacts, along with foundational sewing skills that can be applied in everyday situations.